Acne

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The development of acne is multifactorial, involving several contributing factors. One primary cause is the overproduction of oil (sebum) by the sebaceous glands, which can be influenced by hormones, genetics, and certain medications. Excessive oil production can lead to clogged pores, providing an ideal environment for bacteria to thrive and triggering inflammation.

Symptoms of acne vary in severity and presentation, ranging from mild comedonal acne (blackheads and whiteheads) to moderate inflammatory acne (papules and pustules) and severe cystic acne (deep, painful nodules and cysts). These lesions often appear on the face, neck, chest, back, and shoulders, areas with a high concentration of oil glands.

While acne is most commonly associated with adolescence due to hormonal changes during puberty, it can affect individuals of all ages. Hormonal fluctuations, such as those occurring during menstruation, pregnancy, or menopause, can trigger or exacerbate acne in adults. Other risk factors for acne include genetics, certain medications (e.g., corticosteroids, hormonal contraceptives), dietary factors (e.g., high glycemic index foods), and lifestyle factors (e.g., stress, inadequate skincare).

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